Hello and welcome to Teach Kids Chemistry! Today, we will be discussing one of the most interesting elements in the periodic table – Bromine. Bromine is a non-metallic element that is commonly used in flame retardants, pesticides, and even in some medicines. It is also the only non-metallic element that is liquid at room temperature. Join us as we explore the properties, uses, and importance of this fascinating element.
The Periodic Element Bromine Overview
Bromine is a chemical element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is a halogen and is located in group 17 of the periodic table. Bromine has an atomic mass of 79.904 u and its nucleus contains 35 protons and 44 neutrons. It also has 35 electrons in its neutral state. Bromine is a nonmetal and is in a liquid state at room temperature. It has a melting point of -7.2°C and a boiling point of 58.8°C. The density of bromine is 3.1028 g/cm³. Bromine is a highly reactive element and has a high electronegativity of 2.96. It has a specific heat capacity of 0.473 J/g·K, which means it requires a relatively low amount of energy to raise its temperature. Bromine is commonly used in the production of flame retardants, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals. It is also used in the production of dyes, photographic chemicals, and water purification systems. Due to its toxicity and corrosive nature, bromine must be handled with care and proper safety precautions.
Everyday objects that contain the periodic element bromine?
There are many everyday objects that contain chemicals or chemical compounds. For example, water is a chemical compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O). Salt, which is commonly used in cooking, is a compound made up of sodium and chloride ions (NaCl). Baking soda, which is used in baking and cleaning, is a compound made up of sodium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen (NaHCO3). Vinegar, which is used in cooking and cleaning, is a solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and water. These are just a few examples of everyday objects that contain chemicals or chemical compounds.
Differences in the periodic element bromine across states of matter
The state of an element can vary greatly depending on its temperature and pressure. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), most elements are either solids or gases. Solids have a fixed shape and volume, while gases have neither. As temperature and pressure increase, some solids can become liquids, which have a fixed volume but take the shape of their container. As temperature and pressure continue to increase, some liquids can become gases, which have neither a fixed shape nor volume. At extremely high temperatures and pressures, some gases can become plasmas, which are highly ionized and conductive. Plasmas are often found in stars and lightning bolts, and have unique properties such as the ability to emit light.
Is the periodic element bromine dangerous or radioactive?
Bromine is not radioactive, but it is a highly reactive and toxic element. It is a reddish-brown liquid at room temperature and can easily evaporate into a gas, which can be harmful if inhaled. Bromine is commonly used in flame retardants, pesticides, and water treatment, but it should be handled with care due to its corrosive and irritating properties. Ingesting or coming into contact with bromine can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and even death in severe cases. Therefore, it is important to handle bromine with caution and follow proper safety protocols when working with it.
Is the periodic element bromine rare and expensive?
Bromine is not considered a rare or expensive element. It is actually quite abundant in the Earth’s crust and oceans. It is typically obtained through the evaporation of seawater or from underground brine wells. Bromine is widely used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and electronics, which has led to its production on a large scale. Therefore, it is readily available and relatively affordable compared to other elements.
Learn about all the elements with a periodic table!